Mental Representation : what-is-it? Can there be more than one type (conceptual versus imaginative)? Do all representations include imagery? Do ideas resemble their things – constantly or often? — or perhaps not?
Innate some ideas : Do they exist? Discuss Locke’s arguments against. Start thinking about Hume’s challenge: offer a good example of concept we clearly understand that will not are derived from feeling. Do our natural ideas correspond to mind-independent structures on earth (as traditional rationalists believed — see, e.g., Spinoza, component. II, D4) or are they the axioms through which your brain imposes framework from the globe (as Kant idea)?
forms of Knowledge : exactly just How is a priori understanding feasible? Exactly exactly How is a posteriori knowledge feasible? Is induction rationally justifiable? Does
familiarity with causal relations are based on experience and just how therefore? is perhaps all a priori knowledge analytical? What’s the standing of mathematical understanding? (Do mathematicians make discoveries about numbers and figures or perhaps is truth that is mathematical case of stipulating or attracting out of the definitions of mathematical terms?) Is understanding subjective (a la Kierkegaard) or all a matter of explanation (a la Nietzsche)?
Substance : just exactly How that is seen by various philosophers? Can it be however of good use idea? Ended up being it ever before?
Error and Theodicy : how come here bad when you look at the global globe if Jesus is perhaps all understanding, all powerful, and completely goodt? Is it the very best of all possible globes?
familiarity with the exterior World : Do we understand that there’s such? In that case, will it be specific or simply possible (and just how likely can it be?)? Do we (speed Berkeley ) understand, quite the opposite, that there’s no thing that is such? Do we know about things because they are in by themselves or (speed Kant) just because they may actually us? Could life be absolutely nothing however a fantasy? Could we be constantly deceived by an demon that is evil might we be brains-in-vats for several we realize?
Perception : will it be a supply of knowledge? The source that is only? Do we right see things or directly do we see pictures («sense-data», «ideas», «impressions») from where we then infer the presence and attributes of things?
Liberty and need : Will they be appropriate or perhaps not? If you don’t, may be the will free or perhaps is every little thing (including alleged voluntary actions that are human decided by causal laws and regulations. Is free will reconcilable having a clinical world-view? Is determinism reconcilable with ethical and responsibility that is legal?
Causality : Where do we obtain the concept of causality and exactly how are causal statements warranted? Is there causes that are finaldetermination by future conditions) or perhaps is all causation efficient (determination by past conditions)?
body and mind : what exactly is head? Understanding human body? Do they causally connect & if that’s the case, just how is this feasible? If you don’t, exactly why are they correlated? Do thoughts have area? Exactly exactly just What things have actually thoughts? creatures? computer systems? (see Descartes, Discourse on Process, Part 5) Do we each have actually direct and knowledge that is infallible of very own ideas?
Jesus : what exactly is God like? Does God have no-cost might and make alternatives? Are there any arguments that prove Jesus is present? Compare, comparison, and review various versions regarding the argument that is ontological. Talk about the debate from design and Hume’s critique from it. Think about various other argument(s) for the presence of Jesus: e.g., Berkeley ‘s argument through the constancy of things; Leibniz’s debate from preestablished balance; Descartes «mark associated with the craftsman» debate. Is Jesus lifeless (as Nietzsche states)?: just just just what might this suggest?
Personal Identity : Locke’s difference — people v organisms v souls — can it be correct and essential?
could be the notion of a individual a «forensic» one and when so, just exactly exactly how therefore? Can there be a recognizable topic of idea — an вЂI’ who thinks — or perhaps not. Discuss Descartes’ cogito evidence when you look at the light of doubt about selves such expressed by Hume’s claim “that they have been absolutely absolutely nothing but big money or number of various perceptions, which succeed one another with inconceivable rapidity, and therefore are in a perpetual flux and action. (Hume, Treatise of Human Nature, Bk. II, Role IV, Sec. VI). Will there be life after demise if what exactly survives (heart or individual) and exactly how ( like a disembodied spirit?, by transmigration into or reincarnation as another material human body?, at the past time through supply of an innovative new human body?); and just why can I take delight in the outlook of these success, just just exactly what will make the survivor myself? «Beam me up Scotty»: is individual identification maintained or lost when a person is transported?